Dictionary Page B

Bag Limit

This is the number of the particular animal being hunted that each hunter is allowed to kill or “bag” daily. For instance, if the kill limit for squirrels is seven with a total possession limit of fourteen this means that hunters can kill seven squirrels before they are legally barred from killing more. Hunters must then take the squirrel bodies’ home before they can return to hunt. However, upon their return they can kill seven more squirrels. At this point hunters have reached their total possession limit for squirrel bodies. Hunters must then reduce the number of squirrel bodies in their possession before they can kill again. Once the number of squirrel bodies is below the possession limit of fourteen, the hunters can return to kill more squirrels. In this way there is no limit as to the total number of animals that can be killed in any given hunting season. The exception to this is if a permit is required. Some species, generally larger animals, - such as white-tailed deer- require a permit before they can be killed. This permit limits the hunter to one kill per permit. [ Hunting ]

Bait Station

A bait station is a place where food or “minerals” (salt licks etc.) are kept by a person and continually replenished so as to repeatedly attract animals to ease in the kill of that animal. [1] Individual state laws provides for how long prior to the hunt a bait station can be established. Let’s use bear in an example of how a bait station is operated. Prior to the hunt a person places food in a designated place so that it may be found by the bears that inhabit this area. This spot is continually replenished with food so that the bears of the area alter their daily routines and begin to frequent this bait station for a free and seemingly easy meal. The bears become comfortable with this scenario and used to the fact that every so often there is food to be had in this place. On the day of the hunt numerous bear wander by the bait station looking for their normal ration of food. When the hunter finds a bear he likes all he need do is wait for her to get within range and fire (with a high powered rifle this range can be 200-300 yards away). [ Hunting ]

Bareback (Bronco) Riding

For bareback bronc riding the “bareback riggin” (used to give the rider something to hold on to) is tied directly to the horse (sic). The rigging has a handhold built into it allowing the rider a place to secure one or two hands. Before a rider leaves the starting chute they must have their feet raised above the horses shoulders; when leaving the chute they must “rake,” or lean back towards the rear of the horse. Failure to do this is called “marking out” and results in an immediate disqualification. [46] A contestant can ride with one hand or two, but must declare their preference prior to the ride. The event has two judges that rate the horse and rider awarding up to 50 points for each resulting in a maximum possible score of 100. Disqualification results from being bucked off before six seconds and touching the horse, equipment, or self with the free hand. The goal is to ride six seconds in better form than the other riders and receive a resultantly higher score. [30] Some points are incidental as a rider cannot absolutely control how hard a horse bucks; something that judges award higher scores for. [ Equine , Rodeo ]

Bareback Rigging

This is the rigging tied to a horse to provide a rider a handhold while bareback riding. Most rigging is made of leather. [ Equine, Rodeo ]

Barrel Racing

This is a race where each rider is timed as they cross a start line and complete a course circling three barrels placed in a triangular formation. The timer stops when the rider crosses the same line from which they started and the best time wins. A rider receives a 5 second penalty for knocking over a barrel and is disqualified for deviating from the “prescribed course.” [41] [ Equine, Rodeo ]

Bars

Often on the top rear portion of a pigeon’s wing are bands of color referred to as bars. [66] [ Pigeon ]

Battery Hen

Battery hens are those chickens kept to lay eggs. The eggs are the main product of these birds. They are kept small cages which form long rows containing thousands of birds. This arrangment insures that the total productivity or egg laying capacity of each row can be assessed. When the egg laying in a particular row has decreased below what is allowed the entire row is removed, slaughtered, and replaced with new hens. It is in this way that battery hens are first deemed machines by which to produce eggs, and then secondarily they are slaughtered and eaten. [ Factory Farming ]

BB

See "Blue Bar" [ Pigeon ]

BC

See "Blue Check" [ Pigeon ]

Beam (Main Beam)

The beam is part of the antlers of a animal. It is the section of antler that all other structures branch off. Accordingly, it is sometimes referred to as the main beam. When hunters speak of a deer’s main beam spread it is the innermost widest point between the two beams that they are referring to. Generally speaking, the wider the spread between the two beams the greater trophy status the animal will hold. [ Hunting ]

Beaters

Young harp seals that no longer possess white coats and are under one year old are called beaters. [53] [ Oceanic ]

Bit

A bridle is composed of three components; the bit, reins, and headstall. The bit is a metal bar placed in a horses mouth connected to reins. This setup is used to steer a horse. Bits come in various “shapes and severity.” [31] [ Equine ]

Black Water

Horses that are severely suffering from what is broadly termed as “tying-up” may exhibit a condition where they pass dark colored urine. This condition, called myoglobinuria, has been dubbed “black water.” It is caused by the bloodstream absorbing protein released from damaged fibrous muscle tissue. The protein is then passed through the urine after being filtered via the kidneys. [29] [ Equine ]

Blue Bar

This is a type of pigeon that is a blue gray color and has two black colored bars on the top rear portion of a its wing. Birds with this coloration are sometimes referred to simply as “Blue” or Blues (plural). [66] [ Pigeon ]

Blue Check

This is a type of pigeon that is a blue gray color and has a black “checkered” design on the top portion of a its wing. [66] [ Pigeon ]

Bobs

In pigeon racing traps are used to capture the birds after a race in order to remove their leg identification for timing purposes. Bobs are the wire structures that a pigeon must pass through to enter the trap. They provide entry to the trap, but no exit. [66] [ Pigeon ]

Body Roll

In bull riding this is when a bull jumps and turns his rear, or all four, feet out to the side. [61] [ Rodeo ]

Boone and Crockett

Boone and Crockett is a club that has established a system of measuring what are considered to be trophy animals. Based on the measurements taken each animal body is given a score; the higher the score the better the “trophy.” Measurements are taken from the antlers or horns of the dead animal, on a walrus the tusks are measured and on animals without either, such as bear and jaguars, the skull serves as a source of measure. [3] [ Hunting ]

Break Away Calf Roping

This is an event where a calf is released from holding with rider/roper in toe. To compete successfully the rider must throw the looped end of the rope around the calf’s head. The other end of the rope is attached to the horn on the saddle by string which breaks away after the calf runs past the ropes length. [20] The rider who can rope their respective calf in the shortest amount of time is the winner. [ Equine, Rodeo ]

Break Away Roping

In a likely attempt to make rodeo events more palatable to the public, some rodeos have changed the name of “break away calf roping” to “break away roping.” See Break Away Calf Roping for a complete definition. [64] [ Rodeo ]

Breaking Point

Racing birds sometimes fly in a flock. This term comes from a theory that for a bird to win a race she must separate from the flock at a certain time, which is referred to as the breaking point. [66] [ Pigeon ]

Broadheads (Fieldpoints)

These are arrowheads with razors mounted in them and are designed to penetrate the body of a animal. They are sometimes referred to as field points because they are used in the field (hunting environment) while hunting. Some broadheads extend the razor blades out to the tip providing a cutting action as soon as the arrow contacts the body of a animal, while others have a metal tip, usually designed to split bone, so that the razor portion of the arrowhead can reach the organs where they are lacerated. [ Hunting ]

Broiler Hen

This is a hen that is raised to be slaughtered and eaten. [ Factory Farming ]

Buck

This is a term used to designate a male deer. [ Hunting ]

Buckshot

There are two types of projectiles used for killing a deer with a shotgun. One is a shotgun shell containing a single projectile known as a slug; the second is a shotgun shell containing a small number of very large lead balls known as buckshot. Buckshot can be purchased in a variety of diameters depending on hunter preference. Shotgun shells containing small diameter buckshot can hold more pellets than can shells containing bigger shot. From smallest to largest, the sizes and diameters of buckshot are as follows:

#4 buckshot 6.10mm/.24in (approx # of pellets in 1oz. of shot = 21),
#3 buckshot 6.35mm/.25in (approx # of pellets in 1oz. of shot = 19),
#2 buckshot 6.86mm/.27in (approx # of pellets in 1oz. of shot = 15),
#1 buckshot 7.62mm/.30in (approx # of pellets in 1oz. of shot = 11),
0 buckshot 8.13mm/.32in (approx # of pellets in 1oz. of shot = 9),
00 buckshot 8.38mm/.33in (approx # of pellets in 1oz. of shot = 8),
000 buckshot 9.14mm/.36in (approx # of pellets in 1oz. of shot = 6.2). [10]

0 is pronounced “ought” so the sizes read “ought buckshot,” “double ought buckshot,” and “triple ought buckshot” respectively. [ Hunting ]

Bull Riding

This rodeo event involves a contestant riding atop a bull using one hand to secure himself. The goal is to remain on a bull for 8 seconds while earning as many points as possible. There are a total of 100 points that each ride can earn. Fifty points are derived from the characteristics of the bull and fifty points are based on the style of the rider. “Judges look for bulls with speed, power, drop in the front end, kick in the back end, directions changed and body rolls.” A rider gains style points for the position he holds and the amount of “control” he can demonstrate. “Spurring the bull is not required but extra ‘style points’ are awarded for doing so.” No points are awarded if the rider fails to stay on the bull for the full eight seconds. The timer begins when the “bull’s shoulder or hip” passes the exit of the starting chute. Time is halted if a rider’s hand comes loose from the rope or if he touches the ground prior to the eight second mark. Disqualification occurs from a rider touching the bull or himself with his free hand. If the judges feel a bull is below the standard of the other bulls a rider can be granted a second ride. This allows them the opportunity to perform at the same level as the other contestants. In the end the highest score wins. [61] [ Rodeo ]

Buncher

This is a person who gathers dogs from any place they are available and sells them to laboratories for research or to other bunchers and various other types of distributors. Some of the dogs are collected from articles found in newspapers such as those reading “free to a good home” other dogs are victims of companion animal theft. [16] [ Companion Animal, Experimentation ]

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Posted/Updated: 7/09/04